Stable dispersions of fatty amine acid salts



' thosederived from fatty acids.

i I 2,845,392 :STABLE DISPERSIONS F FATTY AMINE.

; .'.Y....,.-.ACID, SALTS ,Q L

- Tubman; Lentz', St. Louis Park, and Joseph 'Wr0pie and David E. Terry, Minneapolis, "Minn;, assignor's to V i General Mills, lnc., {a corporation of Delaware No Drawing: Manama October s, 1955- e fia $99,53 ,7 4- 4 Claims. (Cl. 252-311 This invention relates to novel compositions containing fatty amine salts in admixture with other constituents that are easily dispersible in water. Furthermore, the

compositions of this invention upon dispersion form compositions stabilized to a degree heretofore unobtainable.

Fatty amines are long chained aliphatic amines. Their =1 acids are suitable for purpose. ,Hydrochloric and acetic acid .aretwo acids commonlyused and. acetic acid is preferred. Although fully neutralized amines are: preferred, mixtures containing small amounts 'of free amine may be employed without negating the full benefits of'this invention.

preparation'from' fatty acids by reacting the fatty, acids with ammonia to produce the corresponding nitrile and subsequent reduction of the nitrile to amine is a wellknown commercially successfulprocess. Likewise, the use of fatty amines and their salts as aqueous dispersions in the ore flotation industry and as corrosion inhibitors is well known and practiced extensively.

Although used commercially as shown above the aqueous dispersions of fatty amines and their salts presently employed have disadvantages of varying degree and kind. For instance, the accepted practice is to prepare 5 to 10% aqueous concentrates prior to their actual use. Previously it was necessary to use hot water (60 to 100 C..) and extended periods of stirring of from 10 'to 24 hours in the preparation of these concentrates. Even after this laborious preparation it was not uncommonv to have the dispersions break upon standing or v dilution with cold water. By break we refer to separationof the dispersion into two phases. 7 For example,

when cold water is used to dilute the concentrate, the fatty amine salt frequently separates into stringy, insoluble curds.

. It is an object of this invention to set-forth various 1 compositions containing fatty amine acid salts which are readily dispersible in water.

Another object of this invention is to disclose various aqueous dispersion of fatty amine acid salts that are relatively stable in water.

carbon may be employed to derive the benefits of this' nature immiscible in water.

Non-polar organic compounds of the type envisioned} by this invention are derived from petroleum. They are primarily mixtures of aliphatic hydrocarbons composed; of 85 to 88% carbon and 12 to l5r% hydrogen.: "f More particularly, these compounds derived from petro-- leum have a boiling point in the range of 200 to 360 C. They are'commo'nly referred toia'sfuel oils. :Arbitrary numbers 1 through 6 have been assigned to various fracinvention. Likewise, it is important that not too much of the non-polar hydrocarbon is utilized. The preferred range for the amount of non-polar hydrocarbon employed-is from 4 to 10% by weight; The preferred range of fatty amine salt employed (calculated by diifer- V ence) is from-96 to 90% by weight.

The mixtures of fatty amine salts and non-polar hydro.- carbons described above form stable water dispersions when mixed with water. These dispersions are especially stable when they contain 1 to 10% of the fatty amine salt and non-polar hydrocarbon mixture and 90 to 99% water. The preferred range is 5 to 10% fatty amine salt and non-polar hydrocarbon mixture and 95 to-90% water.

Example 1 In order to measure the dispersion time of technical grade tallow primary amine acetate in water at 65 C.,

9 grams of the amine acetate was placed in a 400 ml. beaker and 291 grams of water at 65 C. was added;

' This mixture was stirred mechanically at a slow rate,

It has now been discovered that mixtures of fatty amine acid; salts and non-polar organic compounds, such as kerosene and fuel oils, fulfill these objects.

Additional advantages and objects of this invention will become apparent to those familiar with the various applications in which aqueous dispersion of fatty amine 7 acid salts are employed.

The fatty amines envisioned by this invention are These acids are longchained high molecular aliphatic carboxylic acids either saturated or unsaturated. The principal source of these fatty acids are from naturally occurring fats and oils in animals and plants. Illustrative of these fats and'oils are tallow, greases, soybean oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil,

palm oil, etc. The bulk of these acids have from 8 to 22 carbon atoms with a preponderance of acids hav- 7 ing 18 carbons such as stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid. Generally speaking the primary fatty amines will 'have. the same numberof carbon atoms as the acid or 'acids'used as a starting material, that is from 8 to 22 3 carbon atoms.

The acid salts of the fatty amines are prepared by mixing an appropriate acid with the fatty amines while 1 they are in a molten state. Both organic and inorganic which simulated actual preparation conditions in the field.

The time required for complete dispersions was 15 to 20 minutes.

Example. 2

Technical grade tallow primary amine acetate was;

mixed with varying amounts of fuel oil'number 2. These mixtures were then dispersed in water in the same manner as Example Number 1. Those mixtures of fatty' amine and fuel oil containing 3% fuel oil number 2" required 10 minutes to disperse completely. Mixtures containing 10% fuel oil number Zrequir'ed 3, minutes for complete dispersion, Mixtures containing 4% fuel oil number 2 dispersed in 3 minutes.

Example 3 A mixture containing 96% technical grade tallow amine acetate and 4% "fuel oil number '1 (kerosene) was completely dispersed in water according to'the procedure in Example Number 1 in 4 minutes.

Example 4 acetate prepared as in Example 1 was mixed While still hot with 300 ml. of'water at 5 C. This resultedin a All of the above fuel oils are More specifically it has been discov-. Y 7

A 10% dispersion of technical grade tallow amine 3 2 /z% solution of amine acetate in cold water. After one hour at 7 to 8 C. Without stirring, the amine acetate separated into strings or curds.

Example 5 4 2. Composition readily dispersible in water consisting essentially of 90 to 96% by weight of a fatty amine acetate salt and 4 to 10% by weight of a non-polar aliphatic hydrocarbon having a boiling range of 200 to 360 C., said fatty amine containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

3. Stable composition composed of 90 to 99% water and 1 to 10% of a mixture composed of 90 to 96% by weight of a fatty amine acid salt and 4 to 10% by weight of a non-polar aliphatic hydrocarbon having a boiling range of 200 to 360, said fatty amine containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

4. The composition of claim 3 in which the fatty amine acid salt is fatty amine acetate.

No references cited. 

1. COMPOSITION READILY DISPERSIBLE IN WATER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF 90 TO 96% BY WEIGHT OF A FATTY AMINE ACID SALT AND 4 TO 10% BY WEIGHT OF A NON-POLAR ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON HAVING A BOILING RANGE OF 200 TO 360*C. SAID FATTY AMINE CONTAINING 8 TO 22 CARBON ATOMS. 